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榘�銆侀硻鏀鹃(y菐ng)鍚�锛岄€氶亷鍏跺皪姘撮珨涓嚐椁�(y菐ng)姘村钩鍜屾诞娓哥敓鐗╃兢钀界祼妲嬬殑鏀硅畩锛屽彲鏈夋晥鎺у埗鍜岀珐瑙f按楂斿瘜鐕熼(y菐ng)鍖栫殑閫茬▼锛屽皪姘磋唱鐨勬仮寰╄捣鍒颁簡绌嶆サ鐨勪績閫蹭綔鐢�銆傛硶鍦婦omaizon鍜孌evaux (1999)鐮旂┒琛ㄦ槑锛岀櫧榘卞皪娴父妞嶇墿缇よ惤鐨勫奖闊胯垏榄氶瀵嗗害闂滅郴瀵嗗垏銆傜暥鐧介氨瀵嗗害鐐�8 g/m3鏅�锛� 钁夌稜绱燼鍚噺杓冧綆, 鑰岀櫧榘卞瘑搴� (16銆�20銆� 32 g/m3) 杓冮珮鏅�, 钁夌稜绱燼鍚噺杓冮珮[11], 鍦ㄥ瘑搴�16 g/m3鏅傛渶楂�銆傚反瑗縎tarling鍜孯ocha鍦嶉殧瀵﹂绲愭灉琛ㄦ槑锛岄珮瀵嗗害鐨勭櫧榘遍’钁楅檷浣庝簡绲茬媭钘嶈椈鐨勭敓鐗╅噺, 缇呴潪榄氫娇寰楄吉锜茬殑瀵嗗害涓婂崌銆侹ajak绛夊湪娉㈣槶Warniak婀栦腑鏀鹃(y菐ng)榘� (瀵嗗害鐐�30锝�90 g/m3) 锛屽皫鑷存诞娓告鐗╃附鐢熺墿閲忓拰钘嶈椈浠介澶уぇ娓涘皯銆傜祼鍚圵arniak婀栧拰鏉辨箹鐨勫湇闅斿椹�, 璎濆钩鎻愬嚭鐣堕氨鎴栭硻鐨勬斁椁�(y菐ng)瀵嗗害澶т簬40锝�50 g/m3鏅�, 鏉辨箹鐨勬按鑿彲浠ュ緱鍒伴亸鍒�銆傜爺绌剁祼鏋滆〃鏄�, 鍦ㄥ悇绋按楂斾腑, 涓€鑸毃钁楅氨槌欏瘑搴︾殑澧炲姞, 娴父妞嶇墿浠ュ強娴父鍕曠墿閮藉憟鐝�(xi脿n)鍑哄悜灏忓瀷鍖栫櫦(f膩)灞曠殑瓒ㄥ嫝銆侱omaizon鍜孌evaux瑾嶇偤鐧介氨鐨勬斁椁�(y菐ng)瀵嗗害闁惧€肩偤26 g/m3锛岀暥瓒呴亷閫欎竴闁惧€兼檪, 鏈冨紩璧峰皬鍨嬭椈椤炴毚鐧�(f膩)銆侀€忔槑搴︿笅闄嶇瓑璨犻潰鏁堟噳銆傚痉鍦婻adke R鍜孠ahl鐨勭櫧榘卞湇闅斿椹楄〃鏄�, <30 渭m娴父妞嶇墿鐢熺墿閲忛珮浜庡皪鐓у湇闅�, 鑰岄€忔槑搴︾浉鍙�銆傞氨榄氭噳瑭蹭富瑕佺敤浜庨檷浣庝笉鑳借澶у瀷鐗ч鎬ф诞娓稿嫊鐗╂湁鏁堟帶鍒剁殑澶у瀷钘婚 (濡傝棈钘�) 鐐轰富瑕佺洰鐨勭殑鐢熺墿鎿嶇副锛屽洜姝わ紝榘遍瓪浼间箮鏈€閬╁悎椁�(y菐ng)娈栧湪閭d簺鐢熺敘鍔涢珮涓旂己涔忓ぇ鍨嬫灊瑙掕椈椤炵殑鐔卞付婀栨硦銆�
鍦嬪収澶栦篃鏈夊緢澶氬鑰呯爺绌剁櫧榘卞拰鍏朵粬榄氶銆佹诞娓稿嫊鐗┿€佹按鐢熸鐗╂贩椁�(y菐ng)浠ュ強鍦ㄥ叾浠栬紨鍔╂帾鏂戒笅鏀瑰杽姘磋唱鐨勬經鍔�銆傚娉㈡湀婀�2000 骞村垵澶忕櫦(f膩)鐢熷ぇ闈㈢⿳钘嶈椈姘磋彲锛屽悓骞�8 鏈�1 m2 姘撮潰鍣寸亼55. 6 g 鏀规€ф槑绀伎鎳夋€ラ櫎钘诲悗锛岃棈钘绘按鑿熀鏈秷澶�銆傞毃鍚庢斁椁�(y菐ng)灏鹃氨銆侀硻鍜屼笁瑙掑竼锛�2001 鍜�2002 骞翠笉鍐嶅嚭鐝�(xi脿n)钘嶈椈姘磋彲锛屾按楂旇〃瑙€璩噺鏄庨’鎻愰珮锛岄€忔槑搴︿繚鎸佸湪100 cm 浠ヤ笂銆�2001 骞�8 鏈堜唤鏈堟箹娴父钘嶈椈鏁�(sh霉)閲忔瘮2000 骞村悓鏈熶笅闄�87.5%, 绺芥爱涓嬮檷26.0%, 绺界7涓嬮檷70.0%銆傛婕㈡澅婀栧湇闅斾腑榘卞拰鑻磋崏娣烽(y菐ng)瀵﹂琛ㄦ槑, 鏀鹃瓪2鍊嬫湀鍚�, 鍦ㄧ敓鐗╂搷绺辩殑鍦嶉殧涓悓鏅傜ó鍏ヨ嫶鑽�, 鍦�75 g/m3鐨勯氨鎺ц椈鐨勫湇闅斾腑, 鑻磋崏闀峰嫝鑹ソ, 姘撮珨涓诞娓告鐗╃殑澶氭ǎ鎬т篃鏄庨’澧炲姞, 娴父鍕曠墿澶ч噺鍑虹従(xi脿n), 閫忔槑搴﹂€蹭竴姝ュ鍔�銆�
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