1銆� 鏈夐檺鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)瑷�(sh猫)鏂�

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銆€銆€鐩＄瑷卞鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)姝ｅ湪澧為暦(zh菐ng)锛屼絾寰堝鎯呮硜涓嬩粛鐒朵笉鑳藉彇寰楄純澶х殑缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鏁堢泭骞跺揩閫熼檷浣庣敓鐢�(ch菐n)鎴愭湰銆傜敱浜庡彈鍒扮敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍜岃(gu墨)妯＄殑闄愬埗锛屽競鍫�(ch菐ng)鍜屼氦鏄撴垚鏈渻(hu矛)鍗囬珮銆傝€岀暥(d膩ng)鍍�(ji脿)鏍煎崌楂樻檪(sh铆)锛岄渶姹傚張鏈�(hu矛)琚檺鍒�銆備緥濡�锛屽お闄�(y谩ng)鑳藉厜闆伙紙PV锛夋ā濉婄殑鍍�(ji脿)鏍艰〃鏄庯紝鐩＄浠樺嚭浜嗗緢澶氬姫鍔涘唬娉涙帹寤ｅ拰瀹夎PV绯荤当(t菕ng)锛屼絾灏�(du矛)瑭查爡(xi脿ng)鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勯渶姹傜浉灏�(du矛)鏈夐檺锛屽儏琚檺鍒跺湪灏忚寖鍦嶇殑鎳�(y墨ng)鐢紙Oliver and Jackson 1999锛�銆�

銆€銆€鍦ㄩ偅浜涙矑鏈夎嚜鐢�(ch菐n)鑳芥簮鐨勫湅(gu贸)瀹�锛屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)閭勫緢鏄傝泊銆傚湪涓湅(gu贸)锛岀洰鍓嶄笂缍�(w菐ng)鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)鍔涚櫦(f膩)闆婚倓娌掓湁璧峰埌寰堝ぇ鐨勪綔鐢�锛屽洜?y脿n)姗硅?gu贸)閭勬矑鏈夊埗閫犲ぇ瑕�(gu墨)妯＄殑棰�(f膿ng)鍔涙甫杓(j墨)鐨勮兘鍔�锛岃€岄€�(j矛n)鍙ｆ甫杓(j墨)鐨勭櫦(f膩)闆昏不(f猫i)鐢ㄩ潪甯搁珮锛圠ew et al. 1998, Lew and Logan 2001锛�銆傚悓妯�锛屽湪瑷卞鐧�(f膩)灞曚腑鍦�(gu贸)瀹讹紝鐢变簬鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)璨╙鏈塒V妯″鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)锛屽洜姝V绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬垚鏈純楂樿€屼笖閭勯檺鍒朵簡甯傚牬(ch菐ng)鐧�(f膩)灞�銆傚彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍜屽厓浠剁殑閫�(j矛n)鍙ｇ▍閮芥渻(hu矛)灏�(d菐o)鑷撮€欎竴鍟�(w猫n)椤岀殑鐢�(ch菐n)鐢�銆�

       2銆� 璩�(zh矛)閲忓晱(w猫n)椤�

銆€銆€涓€浜涘彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)缂轰箯妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍜岃唱(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒�锛屼緥濡侾V鍜岀敓鐗╄兘绯荤当(t菕ng)銆傝ū澶氫綆鍔ｈ唱(zh矛)閲忕殑鐢�(ch菐n)鍝侀樆绀欎簡闈炴床PV甯傚牬(ch菐ng)鐨勫闀�(zh菐ng)锛圫imm, Haq, and Widge 2000锛夈€傜郴绲�(t菕ng)涓嶆纰虹殑瑁濋厤鎴栧畨瑁濅篃鏈�(hu矛)褰遍熆鍏跺姛鏁�銆傚悓妯�锛屼篃缂轰箯鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍜岀董淇兘鍔�銆備緥濡�锛屽湪鑲凹浜炪€佹触宸村竷闊嬪拰鍗楅潪锛岃静(n贸ng)鏉慞V绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫姡璩�(zh矛)瀹夎銆佺董璀�(h霉)鍜岀董淇兘鍔涘凡缍�(j墨ng)鎴愮偤涓€鍊�(g猫)鍤�(y谩n)閲嶅晱(w猫n)椤�銆�

       3銆佷俊鎭拰鍩硅〒(x霉n)涓嶈冻

銆€銆€灏卞儚灏�(du矛)鑳芥晥鎺柦涓€妯�锛屾秷璨�(f猫i)鑰呬篃瑷变笉鐭ラ亾鍙緵閬告搰鐨勫彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛屼互鍙婄暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)姘愭紶a(ch菐n)鍝佷緵鎳�(y墨ng)鍟嗘垨铻嶈硣姗�(j墨)鏈�(hu矛)銆傚悓鏅�(sh铆)锛屾秷璨�(f猫i)鑰呭皪(du矛)鍙緵閬告搰鐨勫彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鐨勬€ц兘銆佸彲闈犳€ф垨缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍍�(ji脿)鍊肩己涔忓彲闈犵殑淇℃伅锛岃€岀嵅寰楅€欎簺淇℃伅闇€瑕佽姳璨�(f猫i)鏅�(sh铆)闁撴垨閲戦將銆�

銆€銆€寰炰緵鎳�(y墨ng)鏂逛締(l谩i)鐪嬶紝鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愰爡(xi脿ng)鐩殑闁嬬櫦(f膩)鑰呮噳(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)婧�(zh菙n)纰轰簡瑙ｆ湁闂�(gu膩n)棰�(f膿ng)鑳�銆佸お闄�(y谩ng)鑳�銆佺敓鐗╄兘鍜屽湴?z茅)璞砓婧愮殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)锛岄€欐槸灏�(du矛)鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愮郴绲�(t菕ng)閫�(j矛n)琛岄伕鍧€銆佺⒑瀹氳(gu墨)妯″拰瀹夎鎵€蹇呴渶鐨�銆備絾鏄湪涓€浜涘湴鍗€(q奴)缂哄皯灏�(du矛)鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愯硣婧愮殑瑭�(p铆ng)浼�銆備緥濡傚湪涓湅(gu贸)锛岄€欎究鎴愮偤闄愬埗鍏剁櫦(f膩)灞曢ⅷ(f膿ng)鑳藉埄鐢ㄧ殑鍘熷洜涔嬩竴锛圠ew and Logan 2001锛�銆�

銆€銆€鑰屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮浼佹キ(y猫)鍙兘涔熶笉浜嗚В鍝簺鏄經鍦ㄧ殑鐢ㄦ埗浠ュ強浠栧€戞槸鍚︽効鎰忛噰鐢ㄥ彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆傞€欑ó甯傚牬(ch菐ng)淇℃伅鐨勭己涔忔渻(hu矛)鍤�(y谩n)閲嶅湴褰遍熆閭ｄ簺瑭﹀湒閵峰敭鏂版妧琛�(sh霉)(渚嬪PV鎴栧垎甯冨紡鐢熺墿鑳界郴绲�(t菕ng))鐨勫叕鍙�銆傚彟澶�锛屽叕鐢ㄤ簨妤�(y猫)鍠綅寰€寰€涔熶笉浜嗚В鍙啀鐢熻兘婧�锛屽棰�(f膿ng)鑳藉拰澶櫧(y谩ng)鑳界郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勮几鍑哄姛鐜囧浣曞奖闊夸粬鍊戠殑璨�(f霉)杓�锛屽挨鍏舵槸濡備綍闄嶄綆宄板€艰矤(f霉)杓夈€�

       4銆佺己涔忚硣閲戞垨铻嶈硣

銆€銆€閼掍簬鍙啀鐢熻兘婧愭妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勫洖鍫�(b脿o)鏈熺浉灏�(du矛)杓冮暦(zh菐ng)锛屽洜姝�锛岀偤鍏舵彁渚涗綆鍒╃巼鐨勯暦(zh菐ng)鏈熻瀺璩囧拰闀�(zh菐ng)鏈熻哺娆鹃潪甯搁噸瑕�銆傚偝绲�(t菕ng)鐨勮哺娆炬柟锛屽鍦�(gu贸)瀹剁櫦(f膩)灞曢妧琛屾垨绉佹湁閵€琛屽洜?y脿n)妾獲浜涢爡(xi脿ng)鐩(gu墨)妯″皬锛屽張涓嶄簡瑙ｉ€欎簺鎶€琛�(sh霉)绛夊師鍥狅紝閮戒笉鎰挎剰鐐哄彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)鎻愪緵璨告銆傚挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄧ櫦(f膩)灞曚腑鍦�(gu贸)瀹剁殑杈�(n贸ng)鏉戝湴鍗€(q奴)锛岃钵鍥板搴矑鏈夐妧琛屽彲鎺ュ彈鐨勬姷鎶肩墿銆�

銆€銆€瑷卞浣庢敹鍏ョ殑杈�(n贸ng)鏉戝搴瘡鏈堜互锠熺嚟銆佺叅娌瑰拰闆绘睜鐨勫舰寮忔敮浠�3锝�15缇庡厓鐨勮兘婧愯不(f猫i)鐢紙Martinot, Cabraal, and Mathur 2000锛�銆備粬鍊�?c猫)鏁㈣祿?g貌u)璨烽珮鍝佽唱(zh矛)鐨勮兘婧愬拰鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛堜緥濡傚お闄�(y谩ng)鑳藉厜闆荤郴绲�(t菕ng)鎴栫収鏄庯級锛屼絾鏄粬鍊戦渶瑕佷綆鎭殑闀�(zh菐ng)鏈熶俊鐢ㄨ哺娆句締(l谩i)鏀粯閫欑瓎璨�(f猫i)鐢�銆�

銆€銆€鍦ㄥ伐妤�(y猫)鍖栧湅(gu贸)瀹讹紝鏄惁鑳界嵅寰椾綆鎭瀺璩囦篃鏈�(hu矛)灏�(d菐o)鑷村彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勫彲琛屾€х敘(ch菐n)鐢熷緢澶у樊鐣�銆傚湪缇庡湅(gu贸)锛屽鏋滃お闄�(y谩ng)鑳絇V鏉挎槸鐢卞叕鍏辨墍鏈夌殑鍏敤浜嬫キ(y猫)鍠綅鍑鸿硣锛岄偅涔堝お闄�(y谩ng)鑳界櫦(f膩)闆荤殑鎴愭湰灏囨瘮绉佷汉闁嬬櫦(f膩)鍟嗗嚭璩囩殑闋�(xi脿ng)鐩綆杩�2/3锛圝ones and Eto 1997锛�銆�